Assume a population of 1, 3, and 8. Assume that samples of size n- 2 are randomly selected with replacement from the population, Listed below are the nine different samples. Complete parts a through d below.

1,1 1,3 1,8 3,1 3,3 3,8 8,1 8,3 8,8

a. Find the value of the population standard deviation σ.