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A mutation is a heritable change in the genetic material of an individual. The change can be large or small. Large changes involve the loss, addition, duplication, or rearrangement of whole chromosomes or chromosome segments. Mutations can affect an organism by changing its physical characteristics (or phenotype) or it can impact the way DNA codes the genetic information (genotype). When mutations occur they can cause termination (death) of an organism or they can be partially lethal.
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